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1.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 29(4): 194-198, out./dez. 2022. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1427147

ABSTRACT

A anemia infecciosa equina é uma importante enfermidade que acomete os equídeos em todo o mundo, se apresentando de forma aguda, crônica e assintomática causando grandes prejuízos para a economia tanto para criadores que vivem do trabalho desses animais quantos aos criadores que investem no melhoramento das raças, impedindo o acesso ao mercado tanto nacional quanto internacional. O Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento considera o IDGA como teste oficial para diagnóstico dessa enfermidade, porém essa técnica é demorada e muita vez acaba sendo subjetiva, dependendo da experiencia particular de cada Laboratorista. Além de não conseguir detectar animais no início da infecção. Logo, a necessidade de se buscar novas técnicas como o ELISA indireto que aperfeiçoem o tempo de análise dos resultados, facilita a automação e obtém resultados confiáveis. O estudo realizado teve como objetivo padronizar uma técnica de ELISA indireto utilizando uma proteína de envelope viral GP90 como antígeno para diagnóstico da anemia infecciosa equina. Avaliando o desempenho do teste a partir da sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivo e negativo. Os valores obtidos foram: 91,11%, 93,33%, 91,11% e 93,33% respectivamente. Concluiu-se que o teste apresenta bom desempenho, além da possibilidade de detectar amimais positivos no início da infecção.


Equine infectious anemia is an important disease that affects horses all over the world, presenting in an acute, chronic and asymptomatic way, causing great damage to the economy, both for breeders who live off the work of these animals and for breeders who invest in the improvement of breeds, preventing access to both national and international markets. The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply considers AGID to be the official test for diagnosing this disease, but this technique takes time and often ends up being subjective, depending on the particular experience of each laboratory worker. In addition to not being able to detect animals at the beginning of the infection. Therefore, the need to seek new techniques such as indirect ELISA that improve the time of analysis of results, facilitate automation and obtain reliable results. The aim of this study was to standardize an indirect ELISA technique using a GP90 viral envelope protein as an antigen for the diagnosis of equine infectious anemia. Evaluating test performance based on sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values. The values obtained were 91.11%, 93.33%, 91.11 and 93.33 respectively. It was concluded that the test performs well, in addition to the possibility of detecting positive animals at the beginning of the infection.


Subject(s)
Animals , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Viral Envelope Proteins/analysis , Immunoenzyme Techniques/veterinary , Equine Infectious Anemia/diagnosis , Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine , Horses/immunology , Antigens, Viral/analysis
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 35(12): 947-950, dez. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771954

ABSTRACT

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a transmissible and incurable disease caused by a lentivirus, the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). There are no reports in the literature of this infection in Equidae on Marajo Island. The objective of this study was to diagnose the disease in the municipalities of Cachoeira do Arari, Salvaterra, Santa Cruz do Arari and Soure, on Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil. For serological survey samples were collected from 294 horses, over 5-month-old, males and females of puruca and marajoara breeds and from some half-breeds, which were tested by immunodiffusion in Agar gel (AGID). A prevalence of 46.26% (136/294) positive cases was found. EIA is considered endemic in the municipalities studied, due to the ecology of the region with a high numbered population of bloodsucking insect vectors and the absence of official measures for the control of the disease...


A anemia infecciosa equina (EIA) é uma importante enfermidade, transmissível e incurável causada por um lentivírus, equine infectious anemia vírus (EIAV), e não há relatos na literatura desta infecção em equinos da Ilha de Marajó. O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar a anemia infecciosa equina nos municípios de Cachoeira do Arari, Salvaterra, Santa Cruz do Arari e Soure, Ilha de Marajó, no bioma amazônico do estado do Pará, Brasil. Para a pesquisa sorológica foram coletadas 294 amostras de animais da espécie equina, acima de cinco meses de idade, de ambos os sexos, das raças puruca, marajoara e de mestiços, testadas pela imunodifusão em gel de Agar (IDGA). Foi verificada uma prevalência de 46.26% (136/294) de casos positivos para EIA. A doença é considerada endêmica nos municípios estudados, tanto pelos aspectos ecológicos da região que propiciam a manutenção da população de insetos hematófagos vetores, quanto pela ausência de medidas oficiais de controle da doença...


Subject(s)
Animals , Equine Infectious Anemia/diagnosis , Horses/virology , Endemic Diseases/veterinary , Serologic Tests/veterinary
3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 47(1): 25-28, Mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-757140

ABSTRACT

The most used and reliable indicator of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) infection is the detection of its specific antibodies in horse serum. In the present study, the performance of two commercial ELISA tests for the detection of EIAV antibodies as well as the potential advantages of their use as an EIAV infection screening tool were evaluated in 302 horse serum samples. Both ELISA assays showed 100% diagnostic sensitivity, and 92.3-94.3% diagnostic specificity. Discordant results were analyzed by immunoblot. The results showed that both ELISA tests are very efficient at detecting EIAV infected animals, allowing to identify a higher number of positive horse cases. Thus, ELISA assays can be useful tools in EIA control and eradication.


El mejor indicador de la infección por el virus de la anemia infecciosa equina (Equine infectious anemia virus, EIAV) es la detección de anticuerpos específicos en el suero del caballo. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la capacidad de detección de anticuerpos contra EIAV de dos equipos de ELISA comerciales utilizando 302 muestras de suero equino, así como las ventajas potenciales de su uso como herramientas de screening. Ambos ensayos de ELISA presentaron 100 % de sensibilidad diagnóstica y una especificidad diagnóstica del orden de 92,3 a 94,3 %. Las muestras discordantes fueron analizadas por inmunoblot. Los resultados mostraron que las dos pruebas ELISA son muy eficientes para detectar animales infectados por EIAV, al permitir identificar un mayor número de animales positivos que la prueba de inmunodifusión en gel de agar, oficialmente aprobada en la República Argentina para la certificación de los animales. Las pruebas de ELISA constituyen herramientas muy útiles en los programas de control y de erradicación de la infección por EIAV.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Equine Infectious Anemia/diagnosis , Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine/immunology , Horses , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
4.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; 19(3): 268-276, mayo-jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-548491

ABSTRACT

La Anemia Infecciosa Equina (AIE) es una enfermedad viral, de curso agudo a crónico, que afecta a los équidos en general en los llanos venezolanos. Hasta el momento, no se han analizado los posibles efectos que pueda tener la AIE sobre el músculo esquelético. En la presente investigación se realizó un estudio ultraestructural de las fibras musculares del músculo Gluteus medius, de caballos seropositivos al test de Coggins, teniendo animales seronegativos al citado test como controles de campo. Las biopsias musculares se procesaron por las técnicas convencionales de corte fino para la microscopía electrónica de transmisión. El análisis de las micrografías electrónicas de animales seropositivos mostró cambios subletales y letales. Como alteraciones subletales, se observaron en el sistema contráctil, atrofia y trazo irregular de la línea Z. En el sistema sarcotubular se evidenció edema de las cisternas terminales. Las mitocondrias exhibieron una matriz con diferentes densidades electrónicas y la presencia de gránulos electrón densos. Se observaron variadas estructuras lisosomales. Por su parte, las alteraciones letales se distinguieron por diferentes grados de hipercontracción, pérdida total de la organización de los sistemas contráctil y sarcotubular, degeneración de las mitocondrias, ruptura del sarcolema y necrosis segmental. Los capilares intramusculares exhibieron alteraciones como el engrosamiento y reduplicación de la membrana basal, prolongaciones del citoplasma endotelial hacia la luz y pérdida de la continuidad de la pared endotelial. Se evidenciaron también pericitos, unos aparentemente normales, otros con alteraciones. El infiltrado celular consistió en macrófagos y neutrófilos. Los presentes hallazgos permiten sugerir que los mismos se corresponden con lo reportado por otros autores en relación a los efectos de las enfermedades autoinmunes sobre la ultraestructura del músculo esquelético.


The equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a viral disease of acute response and progress to chronic course which affects equine of Venezuelan plains. Until now, there is no information about the possible effect of EIA on skeletal muscle ultrastructure. The aim of the present investigation was to study the ultrastructure of muscle Gluteus medius from horses positive to Coggins test and animal control negative to the test. Muscle biopsies were processed by routine techniques for transmission electron microscopy. Muscle alterations varied from slight to severe, including atrophy, swelling of sarcotubular system and mitochondria. Mitochondria showed a matrix with different electron densities and the presence of electron dense granules. There were observed different kinds of lysosomes. More severe alterations included hypercontraction and complete loss of myofilaments, rupture of sarcolemma and segmental necrosis. Intramuscular capillaries exhibited endothelial cell cytoplasm infoldings into the lumen and partially or totally occluded lumen. Basement membrane was widened and reduplicated. Some capillaries showed widened endothelial cell cytoplasm, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum swelling and even degenerated. Others showed ruptured endothelial wall. Pericytes exhibited a cytoplasm which varied from normal to a proliferative one. The mononuclear cell infiltrate consisted of macrophages and neutrophils. Most of observed alterations have been described in muscle disorders with an autoimmune component.


Subject(s)
Animals , Equine Infectious Anemia/diagnosis , Equine Infectious Anemia/pathology , Horses/parasitology , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Veterinary Medicine
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